- Überblick
- Forschung
- Future Ocean
- R01: Unser Ozean der Zukunft
- R02: Governance der Ozeane
- R03: Rohstoffe aus dem Ozean
- R04: Innovationen aus dem Ozean
- R05: Der Ozean als CO2-Speicher
- R06: Gefahren aus dem Ozean
- R07: Grenzflächen des Ozeans
- R08: Evolution im Ozean
- R09: Das Klima und der Ozean
- R10: Beobachtungssysteme für den Ozean
- R11: Vorhersagen über den Ozean
- Ocean Sustainability
- Semesterthemen
- Forschungsplattformen
- Future Ocean
- Aktuelles
- Partner
- Veröffentlichungen
- Internationale Kooperationen
- Gleichstellung
Im Forschungsfeld „Ocean-Governance“ bewerten Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler aus den Rechts-, Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, aus der Philosophie, der Geographie sowie den Naturwissenschaften die bestehenden Regelwerke im Hinblick auf ihre Nachhaltigkeit. Ziel ist es, neue und wirkungsvolle Steuerungsansätze und Mechanismen für ihre Durchsetzung zu entwickeln, um die vielfältigen menschlichen Aktivitäten, die auf die Ozeane einwirken, nachhaltig auszugestalten.
Bisher bestehende Steuerungsansätze scheinen im Wesentlichen gescheitert. Das zeigt sich am deutlichsten am Beispiel der weltweiten Überfischung. Nach Angaben der Ernährungs- und Landwirtschaftsorganisation der Vereinten Nationen, der Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), muss der Zustand der weltweiten Fischbestände dramatischer eingestuft werden als bisher angenommen. Etwa ein Drittel der Bestände gilt heute schon als überfischt oder sogar zusammengebrochen – mit weitreichenden Folgen für das marine Ökosystem und die biologische Vielfalt im Meer. Neben der Bedrohung der lebenden Ressourcen durch die Überfischung gibt es neue Nutzungsformen der Ozeane, die bisher nicht von bestehenden internationalen Regelungen erfasst werden. Dazu gehören u.a. Maßnahmen zur Abschwächung des Klimawandels (Climate Engineering) wie die Düngung der Ozeane mit Eisen oder die CO2-Einlagerung im oder auf dem Meeresboden (Sequestrierung).
Für solche Maßnahmen sind neue und international anerkannte Steuerungsmechanismen erforderlich. Die Verantwortung für diese Themenkomplexe lassen sich jedoch nicht einer Behörde, Institution oder Person zuordnen. Verschiedene Akteure wie Staaten, internationale Organisationen, private Unternehmen oder auch Einzelpersonen wirken auf den Ozean ein. Eine der zentralen Herausforderungen wird es sein, die zunehmende Vernetzung zwischen den unterschiedlichen Akteuren auf der einen Seite und den Themen, die zwischen Staaten und Zivilgesellschaften geregelt werden müssen, auf der anderen Seite zusammenzuführen. Daher müssen Regularien für unterschiedliche Ebenen aufgestellt und aufeinander abgestimmt werden (zum Beispiel durch internationale Verträge, EU-Recht oder inländisches Recht).
Ziel der Wissenschaftler ist es, neue nachhaltige Ansätze für die Regulierung des Ozeans zu entwickeln, die alle Interessengruppen mit einbeziehen. Die Verantwortung für die nachhaltige Nutzung der Ozeane soll dabei ausgewählten Instanzen zugeordnet werden.
…
…
Publikationen
Park, W. and Latif, M. (2019) Ensemble global warming simulations with idealized Antarctic meltwater input. Climate Dynamics, 52 (5-6). pp. 3223-3239. DOI 10.1007/s00382-018-4319-8.
Reusch, T. B. H. , Dierking, J. , Andersson, H. C., Bonsdorff, E., Carstensen, J., Casini, M., Czajkowski, M., Hasler, B., Hinsby, K., Hyytiäinen, K., Johannesson, K., Jomaa, S., Jormalainen, V., Kuosa, H., Kurland, S., Laikre, L., MacKenzie, B. R., Margonski, P., Melzner, F., Oesterwind, D., Ojaveer, H., Refsgaard, J. C., Sandström, A., Schwarz, G., Tonderski, K., Winder, M. and Zandersen, M. (2018) The Baltic Sea as a time machine for the future coastal ocean. Science Advances, 4 (5). eaar8195. DOI 10.1126/sciadv.aar8195.
Wu, Y., Park, T., Park, W. and Latif, M. (2018) North Atlantic climate model bias influence on multiyear predictability. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 481 . pp. 171-176. DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2017.10.012.
An, S. I., Kim, H. J., Park, W. and Schneider, B. (2017) Impact of ENSO on East Asian winter monsoon during interglacial periods: effect of orbital forcing. Climate Dynamics, 49 (9-10). pp. 3209-3219. DOI 10.1007/s00382-016-3506-8.
Davies, T. E., Maxwell, S. M., Kaschner, K., Garilao, C. and Ban, N. C. (2017) Large marine protected areas represent biodiversity now and under climate change. Scientific Reports, 7 (1). Art.Nr.9569. DOI 10.1038/s41598-017-08758-5.
Baatz, C., Ott, K., Meyer, L. H. and Sanklecha, P. (2017) In Defense of Emissions Egalitarianism?. In: Climate Justice And Historical Emissions. . Cambridge University Press , Cambridge, England, pp. 165-197. DOI 10.1017/9781107706835.009.
Kuhn, A. (2017) Explaining Ethnic Mobilization against Resource Extraction: How Collective Action Frames, Motives, and Opportunities Interact. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 41 . pp. 1-20. DOI 10.1080/1057610X.2017.1300758.
Neumann, B., Ott, K. and Kenchington, R. (2017) Strong sustainability in coastal areas: a conceptual interpretation of SDG 14. Sustainability Science, 12 . DOI 10.1007/s11625-017-0472-y.
Quaas, M., Quaas, J., Rickels, W. and Boucher, O. (2017) Are there reasons against open-ended research into solar radiation management? A model of intergenerational decision-making under uncertainty. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 84 . pp. 1-17. DOI 10.1016/j.jeem.2017.02.002.
Schmidt, S., Neumann, B., Waweru, Y., Durussel, C., Unger, S. and Visbeck, M. (2017) SDG14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. In: A Guide to SDG Interactions: from Science to Implementation. . International Council for Science, Paris, pp. 174-218.
Zhang, X., Jin, L., Chen, J., Chen, F., Park, W. , Schneider, B. and Latif, M. (2017) Detecting the relationship between moisture changes in arid central Asia and East Asia during the Holocene by model-proxy comparison. Quaternary Science Reviews, 176 . pp. 36-50. DOI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.09.012.
Froese, R. , Winker, H., Gascuel, D., Sumaila, U. R. and Pauly, D. (2016) Minimizing the Impact of Fishing. Fish and Fisheries, 17 (3). pp. 785-802. DOI 10.1111/faf.12146.
Opitz, S., Hoffmann, J., Quaas, M., Matz-Lück, N., Binohlan, C. and Froese, R. (2016) Assessment of MSC-certified fish stocks in the Northeast Atlantic. Marine Policy, 71 . pp. 10-14. DOI 10.1016/j.marpol.2016.05.003.
Froese, R. , Walters, C., Pauly, D., Winker, H., Weyl, O. L. F., Demirel, N., Tsikliras, A. C. and Holt, S. J. (2016) A critique of the balanced harvesting approach to fishing. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 73 (6). pp. 1640-1650. DOI 10.1093/icesjms/fsv122.
Rickels, W., Dovern, J., Hoffmann, J., Quaas, M. F., Schmidt, J. O. and Visbeck, M. (2016) Indicators for Monitoring Sustainable Development Goals: An Application to Oceanic Development in the European Union. Earth's Future, 4 (5). pp. 252-267. DOI 10.1002/2016EF000353.
Froese, R. , Coro, G., Kleisner, K. and Demirel, N. (2016) Revisiting Safe Biological Limits in Fisheries. Fish and Fisheries, 17 (1). pp. 193-209. DOI 10.1111/faf.12102.
Dumke, I., Burwicz, E. B. , Berndt, C. , Klaeschen, D. , Feseker, T., Geissler, W. and Sarkar, S. (2016) Gas hydrate distribution and hydrocarbon maturation north of the Knipovich Ridge, western Svalbard margin. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 121 (3). pp. 1405-1424. DOI 10.1002/2015JB012083.
Bertram, C. and Quaas, M. (2016) Biodiversity and Optimal Multi-species Ecosystem Management. Environmental and Resource Economics . pp. 1-30. DOI 10.1007/s10640-015-9988-8.
Quaas, M., Reusch, T. B. H. , Schmidt, J. , Tahvonen, O. and Voss, R. (2016) It is the economy, stupid! Projecting the fate of fish populations using ecological-economic modeling. Global Change Biology, 22 (1). pp. 264-270. DOI 10.1111/gcb.13060.
Hoffmann, J. and Quaas, M. (2016) Common Pool Politics and Inefficient Fishery Management. Environmental and Resource Economics, 63 (1). pp. 79-93. DOI 10.1007/s10640-014-9842-4.
Baatz, C. (2016) Can We Have It Both Ways? On Potential Trade-Offs Between Mitigation and Solar Radiation Management. Environmental values, 25 (1). pp. 29-49. DOI 10.3197/096327115X14497392134847.
Chan, K. M. A., Balvanera, P., Benessaiah, K., Chapman, M., Diaz, S., Gomez-Baggethun, E., Gould, R., Hannahs, N., Jax, K., Klain, S., Luck, G. W., Martin-Lopez, B., Muraca, B., Norton, B., Ott, K., Pascual, U., Satterfield, T., Tadaki, M., Taggart, J. and Turner, N. (2016) Opinion: Why protect nature? Rethinking values and the environment. PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 113 (6). pp. 1462-1465. DOI 10.1073/pnas.1525002113.
Groeneveld, R. A. and Quaas, M. F. (2016) Promoting selective fisheries through certification? An analysis of the PNA unassociated-sets purse seine fishery. Fisheries Research, 182 . pp. 69-78. DOI 10.1016/j.fishres.2015.10.014.
Guilloux, B. (2016) Which International Law for Ocean and Climate?. Ocean and Climate Scientific Notes, 2 (2). pp. 79-88.
Ott, K. (2016) Geschichte der Nachhaltigkeitsidee. In: Handbuch Umweltethik. , ed. by Ott, K., Dierks, J. and Voget-Kleschin, L.. J.B. Metzler, Heidelberg, pp. 62-66.
Ott, K., Kerschbaumer, L., Kobbing, J. F. and Thevs, N. (2016) Bringing Sustainability Down to Earth: Heihe River as a Paradigm Case of Sustainable Water Allocation. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 29 (5). pp. 835-856. DOI 10.1007/s10806-016-9640-9.
Quaas, J., Quaas, M., Boucher, O. and Rickels, W. (2016) Regional climate engineering by radiation management: Prerequisites and prospects. Earth's Future, 4 (12). pp. 618-625. DOI 10.1002/2016EF000440.
Rickels, W., Dovern, J. and Quaas, M. (2016) Beyond fisheries: Common-pool resource problems in oceanic resources and services. Global Environmental Change-Human and Policy Dimensions, 40 . pp. 37-49. DOI 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.06.013.
van Doorn, E., Friedland, R., Jenisch, U., Kronfeld-Goharani, U., Lutter, S., Ott, K., Quaas, M., Rehdanz, K., Rickels, W., Schmidt, J. and Visbeck, M. and Maribus, Future Ocean - Cluster of Excellence, IOI International Ocean Institute, mare (2015) World Ocean Review 2015 : mit den Meeren leben : 4. Der nachhaltige Umgang mit unseren Meeren - von der Idee zur Strategie. . Maribus, Hamburg, Germany, 151 pp. ISBN 978-3-86648-252-4
Matz-Lück, N. and Fuchs, J. (2015) Marine Living Resources. In: Oxford Handbook on the Law of the Sea. . Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 491-515. ISBN 9780198715481
Aswathy, N., Boucher, O., Quaas, M., Niemeier, U., Muri, H., Muelmenstaedt, J. and Quaas, J. (2015) Climate extremes in multi-model simulations of stratospheric aerosol and marine cloud brightening climate engineering. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15 (16). pp. 9593-9610. DOI 10.5194/acp-15-9593-2015.
Blenckner, T., Llope, M., Moellmann, C., Voss, R., Quaas, M., Casini, M., Lindegren, M., Folke, C. and Stenseth, N. C. (2015) Climate and fishing steer ecosystem regeneration to uncertain economic futures. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 282 (1803). DOI 10.1098/rspb.2014.2809.
Froese, R. , Demirel, N. and Sampang, A. (2015) An overall indicator for the good environmental status of marine waters based on commercially exploited species. Marine Policy, 51 . pp. 230-237. DOI 10.1016/j.marpol.2014.07.012.
Kuhn, A. and Pierskalla, J. H. (2015) Indigenous Identity, Natural Resources, and Contentious Politics in Bolivia. Comparative Political Studies, 48 (3). pp. 301-332. DOI 10.1177/0010414014545012.
Schilling-Vacaflor, A. and Kuhn, A. (2015) Contentious State - Society Interactions over New Gas Projects. Lessons from Bolivia. In: Social Protests and Democratic Responsiveness: Assessing Realities in Latin America and the Caribbean and the European Union. . Hamburg University Press, Hamburg, pp. 117-142.
Voss, R., Quaas, M., Schmidt, J. O. and Kapaun, U. (2015) Ocean Acidification May Aggravate Social-Ecological Trade-Offs in Coastal Fisheries. Plos One, 10 (3). DOI doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120376.
Visbeck, M. , Kronfeld-Goharani, U., Neumann, B., Rickels, W., Schmidt, J. , van Doorn, E., Matz-Lück, N., Ott, K. and Quaas, M. (2014) Securing Blue Wealth: The Need for a Special Sustainable Development Goal for the Ocean and Coasts. Marine Policy, 48 . pp. 184-191. DOI 10.1016/j.marpol.2014.03.005.
Costello, M. J., Appeltans, W., Bailly, N., Berendsohn, W. G., de Jong, Y., Edwards, M., Froese, R. , Huettmann, F., Los, W., Mees, J., Segers, H. and Bisby, F. A. (2014) Strategies for the sustainability of online open-access biodiversity databases. Biological Conservation, 173 . pp. 155-165. DOI 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.07.042.
Rickels, W., Quaas, M. and Visbeck, M. (2014) How healthy is the human-ocean system?. Environmental Research Letters, 9 (4). 044013. DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/9/4/044013.
Dumke, I., Berndt, C. , Crutchley, G. J. , Krause, S. , Liebetrau, V., Gay, A. and Couillard, M. (2014) Seal bypass at the Giant Gjallar Vent (Norwegian Sea): indications for a new phase of fluid venting at a 56-Ma-old fluid migration system. Marine Geology, 351 . pp. 38-52. DOI 10.1016/j.margeo.2014.03.006.
Froese, R. , Thorson, J. and Reyes Jr., R. B. (2014) A Bayesian approach for estimating length-weight relationships in fishes. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 30 (1). pp. 78-85. DOI 10.1111/jai.12299.
Baatz, C. (2014) Climate Change and Individual Duties to Reduce GHG Emissions. Ethics, Policy & Environment, 17 (1). pp. 1-19. DOI 10.1080/21550085.2014.885406.
Bahr, G. and Requate, T. (2014) Reciprocity and Giving in a Consecutive Three-Person Dictator Game with Social Interaction. German Economic Review, 15 (3). pp. 374-392. DOI 10.1111/geer.12013.
Basedau, M., Kuhn, A. and Shabafrouz, M. (2014) Drilling Deeper: A Systematic, Context-Sensitive Investigation of Causal Mechanisms in the Oil–Conflict Link. The Journal of Development Studies, 50 (1). pp. 51-63. DOI 10.1080/00220388.2013.849338.
Doepke, L. K. and Requate, T. (2014) The economics of exploiting gas hydrates. Energy Economics, 42 . pp. 355-364. DOI 10.1016/j.eneco.2013.11.001.
Jakoby, O., Quaas, M., Mueller, B., Baumgaetner, S. and Frank, K. (2014) How do individual farmers' objectives influence the evaluation of rangeland management strategies under a variable climate?. Journal of Applied Ecology, 51 (2). pp. 483-493. DOI 10.1111/1365-2664.12216.
Loy, J. P., Glauben, T., Requate, T. and Weiss, C. R. (2014) A Sealed-bid Double Auction Experiment on German Milk Quota Exchanges. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 65 (2). pp. 420-445. DOI 10.1111/1477-9552.12050.
Lukomska, N., Quaas, M. and Baumgaertner, S. (2014) Bush encroachment control and risk management in semi-arid rangelands. Journal of Environmental Management, 145 . pp. 24-34. DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.06.005.
Matz-Lück, N. (2014) Die Einführung nationaler CO2-Abgaben für die internationale Schifffahrt: Völkerrechtliche Möglichkeiten und Grenzen. In: Aus Kiel in die Welt: Kiel’s Contribution to International Law: Festschrift zum 100-jährigen Bestehen des Walther-Schücking-Instituts für Internationales Recht. . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, pp. 521-547.
Matz-Lück, N. and Fuchs, J. (2014) The impact of OSPAR on protected area management beyond national jurisdiction: Effective regional cooperation or a network of paper parks?. Marine Policy, 49 . pp. 155-166. DOI 10.1016/j.marpol.2013.12.001.
Normann, H. T., Requate, T. and Waichman, I. (2014) Do short-term laboratory experiments provide valid descriptions of long-term economic interactions? A study of Cournot markets. Experimental Economics, 17 (3). pp. 371-390. DOI 10.1007/s10683-013-9373-9.
Olbrich, R., Quaas, M. and Baumgaertner, S. (2014) Personal Norms of Sustainability and Farm Management Behavior. Sustainability, 6 (8). pp. 4990-5017. DOI 10.3390/su6084990.
Ott, K. (2014) Institutionalizing Strong Sustainability: A Rawlsian Perspective. Sustainability, 6 (2). pp. 894-912. DOI 10.3390/su6020894.
Papaioannou, E., Vafeidis, A., Quaas, M., Schmidt, J. and Strehlow, H. V. (2014) Using indicators based on primary fisheries' data for assessing the development of the German Baltic small-scale fishery and reviewing its adaptation potential to changes in resource abundance and management during 2000–09. Ocean & Coastal Management, 98 . pp. 38-50. DOI 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2014.06.005.
Thebaud, O., Innes, J., Doyen, L., Lample, M., Macher, C., Mahevas, S., Mullon, C., Planque, B., Quaas, M., Smith, T. and Vermard, Y. (2014) Building ecological-economic models and scenarios of marine resource systems: Workshop report. Marine Policy, 43 . pp. 382-386. DOI 10.1016/j.marpol.2013.05.010.
Voss, R., Quaas, M., Schmidt, J. and Hoffmann, J. (2014) Regional trade-offs from multi-species maximum sustainable yield (MMSY) management options. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 498 . pp. 1-12. DOI 10.3354/meps10639.
Voss, R., Quaas, M., Schmidt, J. , Tahvonen, O., Lindegren, M. and Moellmann, C. (2014) Assessing Social - Ecological Trade-Offs to Advance Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management. PLoS ONE, 9 (9). DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0107811.
Waichman, I., Requate, T. and Siang, C. K. (2014) Communication in Cournot competition: An experimental study. Journal of Economic Psychology, 42 . pp. 1-16. DOI 10.1016/j.joep.2014.02.005.
Wüstemann, H., Hartje, V., Bonn , A., Hansjürgens, B., Bertram, C., Dehnhardt, A., Döring, R., Doyle, U., Elsasser, P., Mehl, D., Osterburg, B., Rehdanz, K., Ring, I., Scholz, M. and Voland, K. (2014) Naturkapital und Klimapolitik - Synergien und Konflikte. Kurzbericht für Entscheidungsträger. . Technische Universität Berlin, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung - UFZ, Leipzig, 80 pp.
Martell, S. and Froese, R. (2013) A simple method for estimating MSY from catch and resilience. Fish and Fisheries, 14 (4). pp. 504-514. DOI 10.1111/j.1467-2979.2012.00485.x.
Baatz, C. (2013) Responsibility for the Past? Some Thoughts on Compensating Those Vulnerable to Climate Change in Developing Countries. Ethics, Policy & Environment, 16 (1). pp. 94-110. DOI 10.1080/21550085.2013.768397.
Baatz, C. (2013) Wie groß muss mein Scherflein sein? Individuelle Verantwortung für Nachhaltigkeit am Beispiel des Klimawandel. Politische Ökologie, 135 . pp. 39-44.
Fischer, M., Wahl, M. and Friedrichs, G. (2013) Field Sensor for In-Situ Detection Of Marine Bacterial Biofilms : Novel Sensor Concept Enables Time-Resolved Detection of Bacteria from initial attachement to mature cell clusters. Sea Technology, 54 (2). pp. 49-52.
Froese, R. and Proelss, A. (2013) Is a stock overfished if it is depleted by overfishing? A response to the rebuttal of Agnew et al. to Froese and Proelss “Evaluation and legal assessment of certified seafood”. Marine Policy, 38 . pp. 548-550. DOI 10.1016/j.marpol.2012.07.001.
Froese, R. and Quaas, M. (2013) Rio+20 and the reform of the Common Fisheries Policy in Europe. Marine Policy, 39 . pp. 53-55. DOI 10.1016/j.marpol.2012.10.007.
Froese, R. , Zeller, D., Kleisner, K. and Pauly, D. (2013) Worrisome trends in global stock status continue unabated: a response to a comment by R.M. Cook on "What catch data can tell us about the status of global fisheries". Marine Biology, 160 (9). pp. 2531-2533. DOI 10.1007/s00227-013-2185-9.
Jax, K., Barton, D. N., Chan, K. M. A., de Groot, R., Doyle, U., Eser, U., Görg, C., Gómez-Baggethun, E., Griewald, Y., Haber, W., Haines-Young, R., Heink, U., Jahn, T., Joosten, H., Kerschbaumer, L., Korn, H., Luck, G. W., Matzdorf, B., Muraca, B., Neßhöver, C., Norton, B., Ott, K., Potschin, M., Rauschmayer, F., von Haaren, C. and Wichmann, S. (2013) Ecosystem services and ethics. Ecological Economics, 93 (C). pp. 260-268.
Matz-Lück, N. (2013) Cooperation to Protect the Marine Environment in the Mediterranean Sea and the Persian Gulf: A Model for the South China Sea?. In: Cooperation and Development in the South China Sea. . China Democracy and Legal System Publishing, Beijing, pp. 111-127.
Matz-Lück, N. (2013) „Deepwater Horizon“ und internationale Betreiberhaftung für Ölverschmutzungsschäden durch Offshore-Aktivitäten . In: Verantwortlichkeit und Haftung für Umweltschäden. . Erich Schmidt Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin, pp. 61-72. ISBN 978 3 503 14121 0
Ott, K. and Kerschbaumer, L. (2013) Maintaining a River’s Healthy Life? An Inquiry on Water Ethics and Water Praxis in the Upstream Region of China’s Yellow River . Water Alternatives, 6 (1). pp. 107-124.
Quaas, M. F., van Soest, D. and Baumgartner, S. (2013) Complementarity, impatience, and the resilience of natural-resource-dependent economies. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 66 (1). pp. 15-32. DOI 10.1016/j.jeem.2013.02.001.
Schuerch, M., Vafeidis, A. T., Slawig, T. and Temmerman, S. (2013) Modeling the influence of changing storm patterns on the ability of a salt marsh to keep pace with sea level rise. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 118 (1). pp. 84-96. DOI 10.1029/2012jf002471.
Tahvonen, O., Quaas, M., Schmidt, J. and Voss, R. (2013) Optimal Harvesting of an Age-Structured Schooling Fishery. Environmental and Resource Economics, 54 (1). pp. 21-39. DOI 10.1007/s10640-012-9579-x.
Baatz, C. (2012) Book Review: Justice in Funding Adaptation under the International Climate Change Regime by Grasso Marco. Political Studies Review, 10 (3). pp. 416-417. DOI 10.1111/j.1478-9302.2012.00279_13.x.
Fischer, M., Wahl, M. and Friedrichs, G. (2012) Design and field application of a UV-LED based optical fiber biofilm sensor. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 33 (1). pp. 172-178. DOI 10.1016/j.bios.2011.12.048.
Froese, R. and Proelß, A. (2012) Evaluation and Legal Assessment of Certified Seafood . Marine Policy, 36 . pp. 1284-1289. DOI 10.1016/j.marpol.2012.03.017.
Froese, R. and Quaas, M. (2012) Mismanagement of the North Sea cod by the Council of the European Union. Ocean & Coastal Management, 70 . pp. 54-58. DOI 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2012.04.005.
Froese, R. , Zeller, D., Kleisner, K. and Pauly, D. (2012) What catch data can tell us about the status of global fisheries. Marine Biology, 159 (6). pp. 1283-1292. DOI 10.1007/s00227-012-1909-6.
Kleisner, K., Zeller, D., Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (2012) Using global catch data for inferences on the world's marine fisheries. Fish and Fisheries, 14 (3). pp. 293-311. DOI 10.1111/j.1467-2979.2012.00469.x.
Kuhn, A. (2012) An Inescapable Curse? Resource Management, Violent Conflict, and Peacebuilding in the Niger Delta. In: High-Value Natural Resources and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding. . Earthscan, London, pp. 391-412.
Matz-Lück, N. and Fuchs, J. (2012) Die Ausweisung mariner Schutzgebiete in hoheitsfreien Räumen am Beispiel des OSPAR-Abkommens. Zeitschrift für Umweltrecht . pp. 532-542.
Norse, E. A., Brooke, S., Cheung, W. W. L., Clark, M. R., Ekeland, I., Froese, R. , Gjerde, K. M., Haedrich, R. L., Heppell, S. S., Morato, T., Morgan, L. E., Pauly, D., Sumaila, R. and Watson, R. (2012) Sustainability of deep-sea fisheries. Marine Policy, 36 (2). pp. 307-320. DOI 10.1016/j.marpol.2011.06.008.
Ott, K. (2012) Domains of Climate Ethics. Jahrbuch für Wissenschaft und Ethik . pp. 95-114. DOI 10.3920/978-90-8686-753-0_1.
Papaioannou, E., Vafeidis, A., Quaas, M. and Schmidt, J. (2012) The development and use of a spatial database for the determination and characterization of the state of the German Baltic small-scale fishery sector. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69 (8). pp. 1480-1490. DOI 10.1093/icesjms/fss096.
Pauly, D. and Froese, R. (2012) Comments on FAO's State of Fisheries and Aquaculture, or 'SOFIA 2010'. Marine Policy, 36 (3). pp. 746-752. DOI 10.1016/j.marpol.2011.10.021.
Quaas, M. and Baumgaertner, S. (2012) OPTIMAL GRAZING MANAGEMENT RULES IN SEMI-ARID RANGELANDS WITH UNCERTAIN RAINFALL. Natural Resource Modeling, 25 (2). pp. 364-387. DOI 10.1111/j.1939-7445.2011.00110.x.
Quaas, M. F., Froese, R. , Herwartz, H., Requate, T., Schmidt, J. O. and Voss, R. (2012) Fishing industry borrows from natural capital at high shadow interest rates. Ecological Economics, 82 . pp. 45-52. DOI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2012.08.002.
Skonhoft, A., Vestergaard, N. and Quaas, M. (2012) Optimal Harvest in an Age Structured Model with Different Fishing Selectivity. Environmental and Resource Economics, 51 (4). pp. 525-544. DOI 10.1007/s10640-011-9510-x.
Villasante, S., Gascuel, D. and Froese, R. (2012) Rebuilding fish stocks and changing fisheries management, a major challenge for the Common Fisheries Policy reform in Europe. Ocean & Coastal Management, 70 . pp. 1-3. DOI 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2012.07.021.
Villasante, S., Rodriguez, D., Antelo, M., Quaas, M. and Osterblom, H. (2012) The Global Seafood Market Performance Index: A theoretical proposal and potential empirical applications. Marine Policy, 36 (1). pp. 142-152. DOI 10.1016/j.marpol.2011.04.007.
Basedau, M. and Kuhn, A. (2011) New Oil Finds in the Region: New Risks for the Region?. In: Fuelling the World – Failing the Region? Oil Governance and Development in Africa’s Gulf of Guinea. . Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Abuja, Nigeria, pp. 73-100.
Basedau, M., Kuhn, A. and Shabafrouz , M. (2011) Revisiting the Resource–Conflict Link: A Systematic Comparative Test of Causal Mechanisms in Four Major Oil-Exporting Countries. GIGA Working Papers (175). DOI 10.2139/ssrn.1916652.
Fricke, H., Hissmann, K., Froese, R. , Schauer, J., Plante, R. and Fricke, S. (2011) The population biology of the living coelacanth studied over 21 years. Marine Biology, 158 (7). pp. 1511-1522. DOI 10.1007/s00227-011-1667-x.
Froese, R. (2011) Fishery reform slips through the net. Nature, 475 (7354). p. 7. DOI 10.1038/475007a.
Froese, R. , Branch, T. A., Proelß, A., Quaas, M., Sainsbury, K. and Zimmermann, C. (2011) Generic harvest control rules for European fisheries. Fish and Fisheries, 12 (3). pp. 340-351. DOI 10.1111/j.1467-2979.2010.00387.x.
Kuhn, A. (2011) Oil in Venezuela: Triggering Conflicts or Ensuring Stability? A Historical Comparative Analysis. Politics & Policy, 39 (4). pp. 583-611. DOI 10.1111/j.1747-1346.2011.00305.x.
Kuhn, A. and Bodemer, K. (2011) Erdöl als Macht - und Legitimationsressource - das Beispiel Venezuela. In: Machtquelle Erdöl - Die Außen-, Innen- und Wirtschaftspolitik von Erdölstaaten. . Nomos, Baden-Baden, pp. 193-222.
Kuhn, A., Shabafrouz, M. and Strüver, G. (2011) Conflict Prevention through Natural Resource Management? A Comparative Study . GIGA Working Papers (158). DOI 10.2139/ssrn.1763851.
Ott, K. and Döring, R. (2011) Theorie und Praxis starker Nachhaltigkeit. . Metropolis, Marburg, 404 pp.
Ott, K. and Ziegler, R. (2011) The quality of sustainability science: a philosophical perspective. Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy . DOI 10.1080/15487733.2011.11908063.
Ott, K. and Ziegler, R. (2011) The Quality of Sustainability Science - A Philosophical Perspective. Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy, 7 (1). DOI 10.1080/15487733.2011.11908063.
Ott, K., Muraca, B. and Baatz, C. (2011) Strong Sustainability as a Frame for Sustainability Communication. In: Sustainability Communication. . Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 13-25. DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-1697-1_2.
Kuhn, A. (2010) Nigeria: A Prime Example of the Resource Curse? Revisiting the Oil-Violence Link in the Niger Delta. GIGA Working Papers (120). DOI 10.2139/ssrn.1541940.
Baatz, C. (2009) ‘Ecological Debt’ – Analyse eines umstrittenen Konzeptes am Beispiel des Klimawandels. . VDM-Verlag, Saarbrücken, 192 pp.
Kuhn, A. (2009) Oil in Venezuela: Triggering violence or ensuring stability? A context - sensitive analysis of the ambivalent impact of resource abundanc. GIGA Working Papers (112).
Wittneben, B., Bongardt, D., Dalkmann, H., Sterk, W. and Baatz, C. (2009) Integrating Sustainable Transport Measures into the Clean Development Mechanism. Transport Reviews, 29 (1). pp. 91-113. DOI 10.1080/01441640802133494.
Forschungsaktivitäten
The Political Economy of the European Common Fishery Policy
Dr. Julia Hoffmann,
In order to prevent the overfishing in EU-waters the EU implemented the Common Fishery Policy (CFP). Although the CFP tried to solve the overfishing problem for over 40 years now there has not been any remarkable success. The problem in environmental politics is that the regulations in the passed laws often differ strongly from the scientific recommendations. This discrepancy leads to an inefficient and ineffective policy. The persistent failure of the CFP is puzzling because the European Commission is well aware of the problem. The dissertation project shall provide answers to this puzzle from the point of view of political economy and develop proposals for modifying the institutional set-up for a more successful future CFP.
Valuing marine ecosystem services: A television viewing choice model
The ocean provides a number of ecosystem services, which benefit people and are used by mankind in multiple ways. All are valuable but only some are traded on markets. For the large majority, the so called non-market goods and services, prices are absent and scarcity is not signaled, which is likely to induce an unsustainable use. Neglecting the costs and adverse impacts of threats to marine ecosystem services (arising e.g. from pollution, anoxia, climate change and ocean acidification) jeopardizes the long-term development of the ocean as a part of a healthy ecosystem playing a key role for sustainable economic development and human wellbeing across the globe. Hence, it is inevitable to explicitly value the services of the ocean to promote the protection of marine ecosystem services, particularly when it comes to non-use values. At present this information is missing at large, which leads, amongst others, to a failure of existing approaches to sustainably govern the ocean. This research proposal aims at exploring the potential of new methodologies for economic valuation of non-use values which could serve as basis for future regulation.
The European Union and the protection on Marine Biodiversity in the Arctic
Dr. Nengye Liu,
This project will establish what powers the European Union (EU) has to pursue its stated objective of protecting marine biological diversity (biodiversity) in the Arctic (COM (2008) 763 final JOIN (2012) 19 final). The project will establish how the EU can best use these powers to help generate an effective legal system for the protection of marine biodiversity in the Arctic. The completion of this project will contribute to the preservation of Arctic marine biodiversity for its intrinsic worth and also for the many ecosystem services it provides including supporting sustainable fisheries as well as leaving the resources in place for future scientific study and potential use in pharmaceuticals and other industries.
Tools and steps for the reform of ocean governance: Legal and institutional aspects
Prof. Yoshinobu Takei,
This research project aims to identify problems associated with ocean governance under the current international legal framework for the oceans and to suggest possible ways towards its reform, from the perspective of international law. The main research questions of this project are articulated as follows - Which tools should be employed to improve ocean governance and how should they be employed? - What kind of reform should be put in place for the current international legal framework for the oceans? - Which concrete steps should be taken to improve the management of the oceans within and outside areas under national jurisdiction?
Marine Spatial Planning Game
Dr. Jörn Schmidt,
This project will initiate a partnership between the Future Ocean Cluster and the Earth Institute at Columbia University by collaborating on development of a novel, game-based platform that builds on prior investments of both partners. We propose to develop a computer-based interactive and interdisciplinary spatial planning game, that will combine the strengths of Kiel’s ecoOcean platform with the SMARTIC (Strategic MAnagement of Resources in TImes of Change) tool under development by the Earth Institute. Specifically, this proposal requests support to 1) adapt EcoOcean’s simulation software to depict region-specific case studies guided by the framework of the SMARTIC role playing game, and 2) to research the game’s effectiveness in helping the public and decision makers become “more aware of the need for responsible and sustainable use of the ocean …”
Marine Spatial Planning in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction
Dr. Sarah Gahlen,
Marine Spatial Planning is currently used by an increasing number of coastal States to organize human activities in their territorial waters. The integrated management of resources and undertakings, even if it is a comparatively recent development, has in many cases allowed to reconcile conflicting interests and to proceed to a more sustainable use of marine spaces. ln view of that, the aim of this study is to analyse whether marine spatial planning can also be a solution to achieve a better governance for waters beyond national jurisdiction. Whereas the freedom of the high seas has always been a brazen principle of the law of the sea, there is a growing awareness of the fact that the resources of the ocean are limited after all and that there is a need to establish ocean governance for the sake of future generations. Marine spatial planning, as a concept taking into account the scientific, cultural and economic particularities of oceanic region in question, could arguably be the right tool to reconcile conflicting interests and to achieve a more sustainable use of the aceans while only restricting the freedom of the high seas where it is absolutely necessary. The study inquires into the ways in which States could cooperate through international agreements in order to establish a legal framework for marine spatial planning in waters beyond national jurisdiction. ln order for the arrangement to become effective, it will entail incentives for States to participate and mechanisms to deter them from violation or free-riding.
Comprehensive Blue Wealth: Quantifying Ocean Sustainability and Its Uncertainties
Prof. Martin Visbeck,
Existing attempts to quantitatively assess the sustainability of the ocean in quantitative terms (Halpern et al. 2012) lack a consistent conceptual underpinning (Rickels et al. 2014). Here we propose to extend the economic concept of comprehensive wealth by taking a broader normative basis from environmental ethics into account, and to apply it for the first time to a complex and interacting system with multiple uses—the ocean. In an interdisciplinary endeavor comprising scientific modeling, economics and environmental ethics, we will assess, and quantify for a case study of the Baltic Sea, how uncertainties in ocean understanding and prediction, ambiguities about future ocean management, and potential disagreements about sustainability norms affect the measure of comprehensive blue wealth. While running the risk that uncertainties may turn out to be huge, the project also has the potential to go a major first step towards becoming a cornerstone of a solutionoriented, large-scale integrative research project beyond Future Ocean phase II.
Crowd Science from Coast to Coast
Dr. Jörn Schmidt,
Global assessments of vulnerability to climate-change induced sea-level rise and of its associated impacts are impeded by the severe lack of information on coastal physical characteristics. We propose the development of a crowd science framework that enables contributors to collect and transmit information and data on coastal physical and geomorphological characteristics and coastal types. Furthermore, we aim to expand the scope of the proposed framework for the purpose of climate change communication, and specifically for raising awareness regarding related risks and opportunities in coastal regions. The acquired data will be included in a spatial database, which will support the application of integrated assessment models. The framework will initially be developed for a pilot application for the Mediterranean basin and, if successful, will be extended to global scale. We envisage the framework to also be transferable to other sectors or themes, such as fisheries or marine resources.
Adding fuel to the fish: Perceptions and adaptability of Nigerian fisherfolk to impacts from climate change and petroleum production
Dr. Jörn Schmidt,
Fishing communities in coastal parts of Nigeria face an increase in exploitation of fish stocks and in use conflicts with the petroleum production in their waters. To study the interdependence of these sectors and the additional threat of climate change and pollution, we propose a study, which collects data on the economic situation as well as perceptions of threats and regulations within the coastal communities by means of interview surveys, linking existing and new scientific knowledge with local knowledge. Questionnaire development as well as results appraisal will be carried out in dialogue with key stakeholders. Results will reveal adaptation potential of these communities and provide scientific advice for the region. The project strengthens international collaboration, capacity building and expertise in trans-disciplinary science.
Mercury and dimethylmercury pollution in the ecosystem of the Kieler Förde as a result of historical use of air defence ammunition
Prof. Edmund Maser,
This project will study the distribution and fate of elemental mercury (Hg) and methylated Hg in the southwest Baltic Sea, and the biomagnification of these toxic substances in the aquatic food chain. These Hg compounds are anthropogenic pollutants and pose a threat to ecosystem and public health, and are thus of concern to regulatory authorities of Schleswig-Holstein. We will investigate strongly polluted and control sites, with a specific focus on a region off Kiel where >1.2 million mercurycontaining anti-aircraft grenades were shot from World War II artillery training grounds and now litter the seabed. The main aim of this study is to determine the distribution of Hg in the waters and sediments of the southwest Baltic Sea derived from munitions deployed >70 years, and how much has moved into the food chain. The project will provide direct policy relevant information to the Schleswig-Holstein government on compliance of this EU Water Framework Directive Priority Compound.
Risks of ballast water treatment by the global Shipping Industry
Dr. Birgit Quack,
A new threat to the stratospheric ozone layer is expected from oceanic halocarbons produced by the oxidative treatment of ship ballast water. Given the anticipated drastic increase of such technologies as a consequence of the upcoming IMO Ballast Water Management Convention, a risk assessment is needed for the governance of anthropogenic activities in the ocean. We propose on-board testing of ballast water in order to quantify the amount of halocarbons produced by the oxidative treatment. These measurements will constitute the first essential step of a ballast water risk assessment at the interface of environmental research, shipping industry and stakeholders.